Catechism of the Steam-Engine by John Bourne Hard Cover 1885

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Catechism of the Steam-Engine by John Bourne Hard Cover 1885
Catechism of the Steam-Engine by John Bourne
Name and inscription on blank page, front page has a small piece missing, see photos.
Hard Cover
610 pages
Copyright 1885
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES OF THE STEAM ENGINE AND OTHER THERMODYNAMIC MOTORS.
DIFFERENT CLASSES OF ENGINES
NATURE AND USES OF A VACUUM: Velocity of Air rushing into a Vacuum-The Mercurial Barometer-The Aneroid Barometer-The Ordinary Air Pump-The Sprengel Air Pump-The Radiometer  3
NATURE AND PROPERTIES OF MATTER: Different States of Matter 13
MOTION, TIME, SPACE, PRESSURE, AND POWER, OR WORK: Units of Work, Foot-pounds, Man-power and Horse-power  14
PARALLELOGRAM OF FORCES, EQUILIBRIUM OF FLUID PRESSURE AND CAPILLARY ATTRACTION17
VIRTUAL VELOCITIES-THE MECHANICAL POWERS AND THE DETERMINATION OF STRAINS: The Lever, Inclined Plane, Wedge, Screw, Pulley-blocks, and Hydraulic Press-How to determine Strains 20
VELOCITY OF FALLING BODIES AND MOMENTUM OF MOVING BODIES: Proper vis viva, or Mechanical Energy for a Flywheel 32
CENTRAL FORCES: Maximum Velocity permissible in Railway Wheels35
CENTRES OF GRAVITY, GYRATION, AND OSCILLATION 37
THE PENDULUM AND GOVERNOR38
FRICTION: Experiments of General Morin-Permissible Pressure on Bearings-Friction of Rough Surfaces 42
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS AND OF MACHINES: Tensile and Crushing Strengths-Limit of Elasticity-Strain permissible in Machines46
HEAT: Nature of Latent Heat-Nature of Specific Heat-Power producible by Heat in a Perfect Engine-Mechanical Equivalent of Heat 53
COMBUSTION: Amount of Air required for-Evaporative Efficacy of Different Fuels-Plans for consuming Smoke-Prospects of Gas Furnaces  56
STEAM: Elasticity of, at Different Temperatures-Volume of Steam relatively with that of the Generating Water-Surcharged or Superheated Steam-Proper Size for the Feed Pump 64
WORKING ENGINES EXPANSIVELY: Rule for finding the Benefit of a given Measure of Expansion-Structure and Action of the Valves68
LAP AND LEAD72
IMPORTANCE OF GIVING LEAD TO VALVES IN FAST-MOVING ENGINES74
WIREDRAWING74
EXPANSION VALVES75
THE LINK MOTION 76
CHAPTER I. HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE STEAM ENGINE.
Early Projects for raising Water by Steam 79
Watts Improvements in the Steam Engine 87
Watt's Engine with Crank99
Steam Navigation and the Marine Engine 106
Paddle Engines107
Screw Engines113
Railways and the Locomotive Engine120
Locomotives at the Paris Exhibition of 1867 529
CHAPTER II. POWER AND PERFORMANCE OF ENGINES AND BOILERS.
Horses power 137
Duty of Engines and Boilers  141
The Indicator 143
Dynamometer, Gauges, and Cataract 146
CHAPTER III. PROPORTIONS OF BOILERS.
Heating and Fire-grate Surface151
Calorimeter and Venta153
Evaporative Power of Boilers 159
Marine Flue and Tubular and Locomotive Boilers 161
The Blast in Locomotives  163
Boiler Chimneys167
Steam Room and Priming168
Strength of Boilers173
Boiler Explosions178
CHAPTER IV. PROPORTIONS OF ENGINES.
Safety Valves 181
Steam Passages185
Air Pump, Condenser, and Hot and Cold Water Pumps188
Strengths of Land Engines 194
Mill Gearing193
Rope and Belt Gearing199
Strength of Marine and Locomotive Engines  203
CHAPTER V. CONSTRUCTIVE DETAILS OF BOILERS.
Land and Marine Boilers 215
Incrustation and Corrosion of Boilers 224
Locomotive Boilers235
Torpedo-boat Boilers 239
CHAPTER VI. CONSTRUCTIVE DETAILS OF ENGINES.
Pumping Engines 241
Various Forms of Marine Engines 250
Cylinders, Pistons, and Valves254
Air Pump and Condenser260
Pumps, Cocks, and Pipes267
Details of the Screw and Screw Shaft271
Fitting and Fixing Marine Engines275
The Locomotive Engine278
CHAPTER VII. STEAM NAVIGATION
Resistance of Vessels in Water295
Experiments on the Resistance of Vessels298
Influence of the Size of Vessels upon their Speed 302
Structure and Operation of Paddle Wheels 302
Configuration and Action of the Screw305
Comparative Advantages of Paddle and Screw Vessels.308
Comparative Advantages of Screws of Different Kinds 315
Proportions of Screws 319
Screw and Paddles combined321
Canal Boats323
Torpedo-boats327
Hydraulic Propulsion330
Pneumatic Propulsion331
CHAPTER VIII. EXAMPLES OF MODERN ENGINES AND BOILERS
Land Engines and Boilers333
Modern Marine Engines 343
Direct-acting Horizontal Screw Engines357
Modern Compound Marine Engines363
Modern Locomotives 384
CHAPTER IX. ON VARIOUS FORMS AND APPLICATIONS OF THE STEAM ENGINE.
Portable Agricultural Engines399
Steam Road Rollers410
Centrifugal Pump 412
Steam Hammer415
New Form of Marine Governor 419
Steam Fire Engine421
CHAPTER X. MANUFACTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF STEAM ENGINES.
Construction of Engines423
Erection of Engines430
Management of Marine Engines433
Management of Locomotives437
CHAPTER XI. AIR AND GAS ENGINES.
General Principles442
Historical Account451
Practical Results and Future Prospects526
CHAPTER XII. USEFUL TABLES, RULES, AND MEMORANDA.
Weights and Measures, and various Useful Tables, &c.537
INDEX593
PREFACE.
The present work is substantially a new one. Retaining only the best portions of previous editions, and those rectified in their indications so as to be representative of the best modern practice, the residue has been wholly rewritten ; and I have spared no pains to render this reproduction more worthy of the reputation the work has so long enjoyed. The size of the page has been increased to enable larger and more important woodcuts to be got in ; and it will be found that the cuts, which are mostly new, are now nearly three times more numerous than formerly.
The preliminary discourse, explanatory of the scientific principles of the steam engine and other thermodynamic motors, has been rendered much more complete than before, and the modern doctrines of thermodynamics have been fully expounded. An historical account has been given of the birth and parentage of the steam engine, and of its various stages of growth up to the commanding stature it has now attained. Examples have been introduced of the most important engines and boilers of different classes which have recently been constructed, such as the compound pumping engine of Mr. Hawksley, the compound marine engines and boilers of Messrs. John Penn and Sons, of Messrs. R. Napier and Sons, of Messrs. John Elder and Co., of the torpedo-boat engines and boilers made by Messrs. Thorneycroft and Co., and of the compound locomotive of the London and North-Western Railway.
An entirely new chapter of ninety-five pages has been added on the subject of air and gas engines-a topic of wide and increasing interest, regarding which no popular compendium has yet appeared. In this exposition the scientific principles are explained which must underlie any successful introduction of those engines. Numerous engravings are given of the parts of the most remarkable gas engines, and the leading features of some hundreds of projects for superseding the steam engine by a new thermodynamic motor are briefly described, and their merits briefly appraised. Another chapter, of the nature of an appendix, has been added for the reception of such useful engineering data as the engineer requires to have constantly at hand in the prosecution of his professional duties, but which have no special application to any one of the preceding chapters more than to the rest. The design of this addition is to make the work more self-contained. In some parts I have been assisted by my pupils, Messrs. Thomae and Edwards.
Although in this reproduction I have been most unsparing in my excisions, the work has nevertheless increased considerably in bulk. This has happened mainly because there are now more things to be spoken about than formerly.
Mechanical engineering is an art so rapidly progressive that any work professing to act as a guide to its operations must not only be frequently amended in the details of its teaching, but must also at longer intervals be recast altogether. This is the second time that this necessary task of regeneration has been performed by me. In all human probability it will be the last; and what I have now done in the way of improvement has been done in the interest of posterity.
JOHN BOURNE.
COLLEGE OF PRACTICAL ENGINEERING, LONDON: 1885.
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